Can Science Feed Africa?

A new £2.8 million study will bring together researchers from medicine, plant science, ecology, social policy and the environment to focus on preventing future food crises in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The UN estimates that the current global food crisis has plunged an extra 100 million people into poverty across the globe. Drought and unpredictable weather patterns are having a major impact on the global harvest

The Human Health and Food Security Research Programme at the University of Leeds will examine how food production can be improved to ensure growers obtain the maximum nutritional value from their crops, as well as minimising damage to existing ecosystems. Partnerships with African universities and institutes are also being developed to enable researchers to enhance research capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Project leader Professor Howard Atkinson said: “Researchers from the School of Medicine will ensure that the programme has a strong emphasis on ensuring a nutritious diet free of fungal toxins and parasites to add to efforts of plant scientists on improving the yield of African staple crops.”

However, many of the crops that survive well under stressful climatic conditions are not the ones that provide the healthiest diet. For example cassava survives well in dry conditions but is not particularly nutritious. It is hoped that the project will stretch current agricultural thinking and draw its current focus from the developed world.

“Most current agricultural research looks at Western needs rather than the needs of the developing world, which is another reason why this programme is exceptional,” said Professor Tim Benton, Pro-Dean for Research in the Faculty of Biological Sciences. “The research project is about trying to find a way of increasing output sufficient for a healthy diet without destroying ecosystems.”

The programme is one of four projects being paid for via the University’s pioneering Transformation Fund which is supporting research into major global issues of our time.

Professor Benton added: “If we consider all the problems facing the future of food production, from a growing world population, through to climate change and increased use of land for the production of bio-fuels, then by the middle of this century we will need perhaps ten times the amount of agricultural land we currently use. But there is only a maximum of about two times the land available - including all the land currently covered by rainforest.”